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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
泰安非遗“花边伞”春节走俏海内外市场****** (新春走基层)泰安非遗“花边伞”春节走俏海内外市场 中新网泰安1月31日电 (梁犇 徐峰)1月31日，春节假期刚过，山东省泰安市岱岳区大汶口镇的一家工艺伞厂一片繁忙，宽敞明亮的厂房内，一把把大小不一、花样繁多的伞十分精美。“这是花边伞，这批货是海外客户年前预定的，近期就要发货了。”该厂负责人唐斌杰对记者说。  秀工们在制作大汶口花边伞。 陈阳 摄从春节前的2个月开始，唐斌杰的花边伞厂就开始忙了起来。 今年45岁的唐斌杰是大汶口镇前东庄村人，自幼跟着父亲学习花边技艺，是大汶口花边技艺的第四代传承人，熟悉20余种花边技艺针法，是远近闻名的花边伞制作艺人。  消费者正在挑选大汶口花边伞。 陈阳 摄大汶口花边技艺距今已有两千多年的历史，是中国传统织绣工艺的典型代表，素有“抽纱瑰宝”的称号。大汶口花边技艺是在图纸上编织成各种主花图案，以棉线、麻线、丝线等各种织物为原料，经过绣制和编织而成的装饰性镂空伞制品。“在编织过程中，每道工序都要十分严谨。”唐斌杰说。  秀工在图样上进行手工刺绣。 陈阳 摄千百年来，随着花边技艺传承发展，会花边伞制作的艺人越来越多，规模越来越大，形成了以大汶口镇为中心，辐射周边乡镇的花边伞制作与销售区域。 几年前，在外打工的唐斌杰返乡创业发展花边技艺特色文化产业。创业之初，为了招到会花边技艺的绣工，唐斌杰到处奔走联系农户，采取“先给钱后加工”的方式，探索乡镇加工点的合作生产模式。  工人正在固定伞架。 陈阳 摄由于花边技艺生产的产品多种多样，技艺复杂，需要人手多，唐斌杰就以农户为单位，将原材料送到绣工家里，然后统一回收销售。 “俺在家里就能干，不用出门就挣钱了。”大汶口镇申东村57岁的村民候春玲是一名绣工，这几年，她通过做绣工，每年可增收15000余元。如今，像胡春玲一样，与唐斌杰合作的绣工已有300余人。  制作好的大汶口花边伞。 陈阳 摄近年来，随着科技发展，万能绣花机和电脑绣花机普及，传统的花边手工技艺受到了影响。作为花边技艺传承人，出于对花边技艺的热爱，唐斌杰仍坚持传统手工制作，坚持守正创新，把新学的设计理念创新运用到刺绣工艺伞上。 为更好地开拓市场，唐斌杰一方面将现代设计融入传统工艺，创新设计出花边伞和花边扇；另一方面利用亚马逊、阿里巴巴等电商平台，迅速在国内国际市场打开销路，与10余个国家和地区建立了稳定的供销关系，年订单量超50万件。“我们的产品供不应求，订单已排到了今年6月份。”  秀工在手工印刷花边伞图样。 陈阳 摄在当地政府支持下，唐斌杰在新时代文明实践中心设立工作室，为当地无法外出工作或者暂时失业的妇女培训花边技艺100余人次，帮助300多名农村富余劳动力实现就业。 “春节过后，我们计划加强对绣工花边技艺培训，持续创新产品设计，为传统花边艺持续注入新活力，做大做强花边技艺产业，带领村民们持续增收致富。”唐斌杰说。(完)
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